Cynic

Pronunciation:
\ˈsi-nik\

Definition:
a faultfinding captious critic; especially : one who believes that human conduct is motivated wholly by self-interest

Etymology:
Middle French or Latin, Middle French cynique, from Latin cynicus, from Greek kynikos, literally, like a dog, from kyn-, kyōn dog

First Known Use: 1542

An interesting and misunderstood word. This was a train of thought in ancient Greece, whereby you reached knowledge, peace, etc. through living a completely unmaterialistic lifestyle. They sought to be self-sufficient, living within the confines of nature. Many of the Cynics ideas and teachings were brought to early Christianity.
 
Although Cynics eschewed materialism, they still lived within society, completely indifferent to taunts, ridicule and pressure to conform. Think John the Baptist in his hair-cloak eating locusts and wild honey.
 
The modern meaning of cynicism is a distrust of another's motives. Quite a difference from the ancient movement. What caused this progression in meaing? Around the 19th century, as the Industrial Age was in full swing and materialism growing, the negative aspects of cynicism became the focus. That led to a general disposition to disbelieve in the sincerity or goodness of human motives and actions. Greed, deception and corruption reigned. Everything began to look like a wolf in sheep's clothing. Unfortunate really, because today, there is nothing positive in being called a cynic.